顺手整理了一下能造成措手不及状态的专长
Blade Binder (Combat)
Source Pathfinder Campaign Setting pg. 119
Not only are you skilled at binding your opponent’s weapon, you can seize the advantage while he struggles to retrieve his blade.
Prerequisites: Base attack bonus +4, proficiency with khopesh or temple sword.
Benefit: You receive a +2 bonus on opposed attack rolls made to bind an opponent’s weapon, as well as any opposed rolls to maintain the bind. This bonus stacks with the +2 bonus from wielding a khopesh or temple sword. If you succeed in blade binding your opponent, your opponent becomes flat-footed until he either wrestles his blade free or drops his weapon.
Special: A monk may select Blade Binder as his 6th-level monk bonus feat.
Note: New Attack Option: Bind: As a melee attack, you may attempt to gain control of your opponent’s weapon. Make an opposed attack roll against your opponent, including all appropriate modifiers. If you succeed, you bind your opponent’s weapon.
A bound weapon cannot be used to make attacks, nor does it allow its wielder to threaten any space. A bound weapon can be wrenched free with a successful opposed attack roll, or can be dropped as a free action. If your opponent does not free or drop his weapon he cannot move beyond your reach.
While binding your opponent, you suffer the same limitations, except you may end the bind as a free action. If you attempt to disarm your opponent or sunder the bound weapon, you do not provoke an attack of opportunity, and you get a +4 bonus on the opposed roll and the damage roll of the sunder attempt.
Improved Punishing Step (Combat)
Source Monster Hunter's Handbook pg. 14
You know how to take advantage of a devastating charge.
Prerequisites: Dex 13, Dodge, Punishing Step, base attack bonus +8.
Benefit: Your bonus to AC from the Dodge feat increases to +2 against charge attacks. When a creature charges you and misses with its attack, it loses its Dexterity bonus to AC against the next melee attack you make against it before the end of your next turn. If a creature misses with multiple attacks (such as when using the pounce ability), you can make one such attack against the creature’s flat-footed AC before the end of your next turn for each of that creature’s attacks that missed you.
Precipice Strike (Combat)
Source Heroes from the Fringe pg. 26
Rough mountain roads are as smooth as cobblestone to you. Enemies challenge you in your home territory at their peril.
Prerequisites: Dex 15, base attack bonus +6, cragkin half-orc.
Benefit: When you and the target of your attack are both in difficult terrain, treat the target as if he were flat-footed. In addition, if you attack a flat-footed enemy from a higher elevation (including while falling), you gain a +2 circumstance bonus on your attack roll.
Shatter Defenses (Combat)
Source PRPG Core Rulebook pg. 133
Your skill with your chosen weapon leaves opponents unable to defend themselves if you strike them when their defenses are already compromised.
Prerequisites: Weapon Focus, Dazzling Display, base attack bonus +6, proficiency with weapon.
Benefit: Any shaken, frightened, or panicked opponent hit by you this round is flat-footed to your attacks until the end of your next turn. This includes any additional attacks you make this round.
Sword's Shadow (Combat)
Source Heroes of Golarion pg. 7
You attack with a second strike before your opponent can recover from the first.
Prerequisites: Deft Hands, base attack bonus +7, wyrwood.
Benefit: When you successfully damage an enemy with the first attack of a full attack, you can attempt a Sleight of Hand check against that enemy’s CMD as an immediate action. If you succeed, you can treat that enemy as flat-footed for the next attack you make as part of the full attack action.
Unbalancing Blow (Combat)
Source Martial Arts Handbook pg. 7
With a forceful strike, you throw your foe off-balance.
Prerequisites: Dex 13, Wis 13, Improved Unarmed Strike, base attack bonus +4.
Benefit: When using this feat, in addition to dealing damage normally, you force a foe damaged by your unarmed attack to attempt a Reflex saving throw (DC = 10 + half your character level + your Wisdom modifier). A creature that fails this saving throw is flat-footed, and if it is larger than Medium size, it loses any special size modifier to its CMD against effects or combat maneuvers that would move it until its next turn. It is also knocked out of any stance associated with a style feat. You must declare that you are using this feat before you make your attack roll; if your attack roll fails, the target is unaffected and your attempt is wasted. You can attempt to use Unbalancing Blow once per day for every 4 character levels you have, but no more than once per round. Creatures immune to tripping are immune to this effect.
哦，说到这里我又想起来一个问题。
先前翻译英雄地精专长时，其中有一项专长【心智脱轨（Mental Derail）】造成“caught off guard”，虽然通常理解为“措手不及”但这和规则书中的“Flat-Footed”用词不同，且规则中并无这一项状态。
而我能找到的资料中，“caught off guard”通常只出现在描述性文字中，并无描述其详细效果的描述。
究竟应当理解成“与Flat-Footed完全等价”还是“失去AC上的敏捷加值（绕过直觉闪避能力）”，还是其他的呢？
Mental Derail
Source Heroes of Golarion pg. 9
Your logic is so ridiculous it can cause people’s brains to shut down in self-defense.
Prerequisites: Goblin.
Benefit: You can shout nonsense as a swift action to throw off an enemy. Choose a single target that can hear you. It must attempt a Will saving throw (DC = 10 + half your level + your Charisma modifier). On a failed save, the target is caught off guard, and it takes a –2 penalty on attack rolls and Strength- and Dexterity-based skill checks until the end of its turn. Whether or not the save is successful, a creature cannot be the target of this ability again for 24 hours. This is a mind-affecting effect.